Shipbuilding Capacity for Submarines in the U.S.

A world away from its Cold War height

Last night at the Republican debate, Chris Christie promised to reinvigorate the U.S. nuclear submarine fleet. If he is elected president in 2024 and dedicated himself to the task, it would probably take the bulk of his presidency to get General Dynamics Electric Boat and Newport News of Huntington Ingalls Shipbuilding to the point where they could manufacture and maintain a substantially larger nuclear submarine fleet.

It’s refreshing to hear these ideas echoed in a presidential debate — and not used hollowly, but rather to raise awareness of a pressing issue — but the fact remains, simply to promise positive movement in the direction of shipbuilding competitiveness is a difficult proposition, let alone to solve the problem.

But — as Christie says — nuclear submarines are important; they’re difficult to maintain, and those of them that carry nuclear weapons are a crucial component of the so-called nuclear triad, an important deterrent to most countries when it comes to attacking the U.S. Something has to change.

THE BIG STORY

Submarines at the Republican Presidential Debate

Chris Christie’s “priority number one” is making more state-of-the-art nuclear submarines. How feasible is this?

One of the useful things about presidential primaries is that candidates have an opportunity to highlight various programs and “trial balloon” them — bring them before the U.S. public to see their reaction in some cases, and to spotlight critical issues in others.

Last night (Wednesday) during the second GOP primary debate, former governor of New Jersey Chris Christie advocated for the expansion of the U.S. nuclear submarine program, claiming that it would be his top priority. A recent piece published by War on The Rocks gives credence to Christie’s claims and sense of urgency — there is no better guarantee against war between nuclear armed powers than a credible threat of destruction in the case of an invasion.

This (along with Russia’s recent invasions) is one of the reasons Ukraine laments having given up its stockpile of nuclear weapons in the 1990s!

Is America’s industrial base for submarine production truly in straits so dire it requires presidential attention? On the one hand, yes — it is. According to the well-researched and written WOTR piece employment is somewhere between 15% (Electric Boat) and 20% (Newport News) of its height during the Cold War in the 1980s, meaning most labor is dedicated to upkeep and maintenance rather than new construction. It takes specialists years to develop the skills and credentials to work on the most challenging projects, and a great deal of institutional knowledge. Losing over 10,000 workers in the 1990s was a body blow to the industry — certainly where I am in Connecticut — and that requires attention and energy at the highest level.

Nuclear submarines (nuclear powered as well as those equipped with nuclear ICBMs) are an important piece of U.S. strategic defense and deterrence. Photo via DVIDS

On the other hand, no! As I wrote earlier, there’s some latitude for states such as Connecticut to put energy into this. Not necessarily when it comes to purchasing nuclear submarines, of course (this is infeasible in a way building helicopters is not). There are plenty of jobs that could keep the underwater welders, electricians, and metal fabricators busy — if Connecticut wanted. At present, matters like this are seen as the sole provenance of private industry selling to the monopsony held by the federal government.

Furthermore, incentivizing or building industry is something over which the president has very little power — by design. At the same time that it was good to hear him say what he did for people worried about the depth and resilience of U.S. naval power, and especially submarines, there really isn’t much Christie would be able to do as president to keep the U.S. at a competitive advantage with China and other advanced near-peer nations. You have to start somewhere, and acknowledging the problem in public is a good first step.

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HUMOR

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